Improvement in pavements



H. M. STAMP & I. A. HAYDON.

PAVEMENT.

' Patented Dec. 26, 1876.

ITED STATES PATENT Gimme HENDRIOK M. F. V. STAMP, OF WASHINGTON,DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, AND JOHN A. HAYDON, OF FREDERICK, MARYLAND.

IMPROVEMENT IN PAVEMENTS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No 185,795, dated December26, 1876; application filed November 11, 1876.

will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make anduse the same, reference being bad to the accompanying drawing, whichforms a part of this specification, and in which Figure 1 represents atop plan, portions of the several layers or strata having beensuccessively removed to show the construction; and Fig. 2 is across-section.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both thefigures.

Our invention consists in an improved method of constructing or buildingup a combined stone, concrete, and asphalt pavement, substantially ashereinafter more fully described, and pointed outin the claims.

In the drawing, A is the road-bed, B the curb stones, and O thesidewalks, of a street or highway. The road-bed is first, graded in theusual manner, after which the stone foundation or base of the pavementis placed in position. This consists of slabs of (preferably stratified)stone, about four inches in thickness, twenty inches in length, and ofany suitable or convenient width, which are set into the road-bed at anangle of about twenty-six degrees, and arranged obliquely from curb tocurb, so that each row or line of stones will present an angle of aboutfortyfive degrees to the line of the curb.

Care must be taken in setting the stones (denoted by D in the drawing)in such a manner that each row shall break joints with the rows next toit, so that a solid and compact body of stone is formed, extending fromcurb to curb, and forming a series of alternating grooves and ridges ontop, running in straight lines across street, at an angle of aboutforty-five degrees.

Upon the top of the ridged or corrugated substratum thus formed we placea layer of concrete, (denoted by E.) This layer is forced well into thegrooves or recesses a, filling out all open spaces or interstices formedby the unevenness of the stones D, so that the whole will be firmlybound together, after which the top is smoothed off, to prepare it toreceive the top-dressing F. The latter consists of a thin layer ofnatural or artificial asphalt, spread evenly upon the concrete E, androlled or rammed until it forms a perfectly smooth and even surface.

By this method of building up a pavement we secure the greatest possiblestrength and durability. The stone foundation, once set, will never needrepair, which is confined simply to the top-dressing; yet, at the sametime, any part of this foundation may readily be so constructed that itcan be removed and again replaced, whenever this becomes desirable forthe purpose of getting access to sewers, water and gas mains, &c. Forinstance, sections of the pavement that lie over manholes, sewer-traps,&c., may be built up in metal frames detached from the surroundingportion of the pavement, so that these detached sections maybe liftedout and again reinserted without disturbing in the least theconstruction or coherency of the pavement. The concrete, being forcedinto the corrugations formed by the peculiar manner of setting thestones, is not liable to crack or settle, as in pavements where theconcrete is spread upon an even or yielding surface, but will remainhard and firm under all atmospherical or climatic changes andinfluences, and under all conditions of wear or travel on the surface ofthe pavement.

The required elasticity is readily obtained by changing the compositionor thickness of the top-dressing to suit the use or climatic influencesto which the pavement is subjected.

Having thus described our invention, we claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States- 1. In a pavement, the combinationofa stone substratum, consisting of slabs D, set into the road-bed at anangle, presenting a series of corrugations or depressions, a, on top,with a layer of concrete, E, substantially as and for the purpose hereinshown and specified.

our own we have hereunto affixed our signatures in presence of twoWitnesses.

HENDRIOK M. F. V. STAMP. JOHN A. HAYDON.

Witnesses:

Lonrs BAGGER, WM. BAGG-ER.

